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It all started with a bang…the big bang!
The explosive power of hydrogen fueled a chain reaction that led to the world we have today.
Now this power is being deployed on Earth to supply the energy needs of tomorrow.
Visualizing the Power of Hydrogen
Today’s infographic comes to us from the Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association, and it outlines how hydrogen and fuel cell technology is harnessing the power of the universe to potentially fuel an energy revolution.
What is Hydrogen, and How’s it Used?
With one proton and one electron, hydrogen sits at the very beginning of the periodic table.
Despite hydrogen being the most common molecule in the universe, it is rarely found in its elemental state here on Earth. In fact, almost all hydrogen on the planet is bonded to other elements and can only be released via chemical processes such as steam reforming or electrolysis.
There are five ways hydrogen is being used today:
- Building heat and power
- Energy storage and power generation
- Transportation
- Industry energy
- Industry feedstock
However, what really unleashes the power of hydrogen is fuel cell technology. A fuel cell converts the chemical power of hydrogen into electrical power.
Hydrogen Unleashed: The Fuel Cell
In the early 1960’s, NASA first deployed fuel cells to power the electrical components of the Gemini and Apollo space capsules. Since then, this technology has been deployed in everything from the vehicle you drive, the train you take, and how your favorite products are delivered to your doorstep.
Nations around the world are committing to build hydrogen fueling stations to meet the growth in adoption of fuel cell technology for transportation.
Hydrogen: A Green Energy Solution
Hydrogen fuel and fuel cell technology delivers green solutions in seven ways.
- Decarbonizing industrial energy use
- Acting as a buffer to increase energy system resilience
- Enabling large-scale renewable energy integration and power generation
- Decarbonizing transportation
- Decarbonizing building heat and power
- Distribution energy across sectors and regions
- Providing clean feedstock for industry
According to a recent report by McKinsey, hydrogen and fuel cell technology has the potential to remove six gigatons of carbon dioxide emissions and employ more than 30 million people by 2050, all while creating a $2.5-trillion market.
This is technology that can be deployed today, with the potential to transform how we live and power our economies in a sustainable way.
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ECI
Unit Conversion Data for Hydrogen
Fuel Cells
What are fuel cells?
Fuel cells are devices for generating electric power. They share many of the characteristics of a battery - silent operation, no moving parts and an electrochemical reaction to generate power. However, unlike a battery, fuel cells need no recharging and will run indefinitely when supplied with fuel. The cells produce electricity by combining hydrogen (the fuel) and oxygen (from air) over a catalyst such as platinum.There are several different types of fuel cell but the most researched type is the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, which contains platinum catalysts. PEM fuel cells are capable of being used in power generation for buildings, instead of batteries or generators in portable equipment and as replacements for the internal combustion engine in a vehicle.
Articles
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How can a litre of petrol produce 2.3kg carbon dioxide?...
How is that Possible?
It seems impossible that a litre of petrol, which weighs about 0.73 kg, could produce 2.3 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) when burned. However, most of the weight of the CO2 doesn't come from the petrol itself, but the oxygen in the air. When petrol burns, the carbon and hydrogen separate.
The hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water (H2O), and carbon combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2).
A fuel (CO2) carbon atom has a weight of 12, and each oxygen atom has a weight of 16, giving each single molecule of CO2an atomic weight of 44 (12 from carbon and 32 from oxygen).
Therefore, to calculate the amount of CO2produced from a litre of petrol, the weight of the carbon in the petrol is multiplied by 44/12 or 3.7. Since petrol is about 87% carbon and 13% hydrogen by weight, the carbon in a litre of petrol weighs 0.63 kg. We can then multiply the weight of the carbon by 3.7, which equals 2.3 kg of CO2.
1 litre of diesel typically weighs 0.83kg (the density range is 820-845kg/m3 in Europe and up to 860kg/m3 elsewhere). About 87% of this is carbon, so one litre of diesel contains 0.83 x 87% = 0.722kg of carbon, each atom of carbon weighs 12 atomic units. When it combines with two atoms of oxygen in the combustion process it becomes CO2, which weighs 44 atomic units.
The 0.722kg of carbon in the original fuel then becomes 0.722 x 44/12 = 2.65kg of CO2, so one litre of diesel fuel produces about 2.65kg of CO2
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Transportation
Transportation of Liquid Hydrogen
Liquid hydrogen (LH2) is formed at at 21.2 K (-251.95° C) and requires an energy intensive cooling process along with cryogenic tanks for storage. Certain specialized application that require liquid hydrogen, it can be transported in special tankers.Road tranportation of hydrogen
Hydrogen is currently being transported in both liquid and as a compressed gas using special tanker trucks. This mode though will continue to be limited as a method of delivering fuel to end users or distribution depots from a central processing or storage facility.
Storage
Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. It forms the basis of all organic compounds, living things and is present in the essence of life - water. There are three main ways that hydrogen can be stored - as a compressed gas, in liquid form, in metal hydrides and in carbon nanotubes.
Compressed Hydrogen Gas
Hydrogen gas can be compressed and stored in storage tanks that can hold it at the required pressure. The tanks can either be made with steel, aluminium or copper alloys that may be encased in fibreglass The steel tanks are most often used for static applications where weight is not a hindrance as the steel tanks tend to be heavy. High pressure tanks also appear in some test automobiles. but safety and space remain significant concerns. The tanks tend to be big and bulky with the ongoing concern regarding a leak.
1 atmosphere / 1.01325 bar = 14.7 psi / Pounds per square inch
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How many psi in 1 bar?
We assume you are converting between pound/square inch and bar.
Autodip Fuel tank monitoring
- Automatically displays fuel tank levels on your office computer.
- Alarms can be pre-set to alert you of high/low levels.
- Helps prevent tank draining and fraud attempts.
- Monitors fuel deliveries as well as everyday usage.
- Eliminates the need for manual dipping to check fuel levels.
- Alarms for high and low levels.Reports can highlight usage trends.
Auto Fuel dispensing - Petrol Attendant
- Locks fuel pumps 24/7 until a valid ID tag is swiped.
- Records all fuel dispensed electronically and eliminates manual data capture.
- Identifies the driver and vehicle for every fuel transaction.
- Helps you apply fuelling restrictions on your fleet which in turn reduce usage, theft, abuse and wastage.
